Wahi a ka National Fire Protection Association, aia ma mua o 354,000 mau hale ahi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e pepehi ana i ka awelika o 2,600 mau kānaka a hōʻeha ʻoi aku ma mua o 11,000 poʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā make pili i ke ahi ke hana ʻia i ka pō i ka wā e hiamoe ai nā kānaka.
ʻIke ʻia ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o nā puʻupuʻu uahi maikaʻi i kau ʻia. Elua ano nui ouahi pumehana –ionization a me photoelectric. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoholo maikaʻi loa e pili ana i nā puʻupuʻu uahi no ka pale ʻana i kou home a ʻoihana paha.
Ionizationuahi pumehanas a ke hilinaʻi nei nā ala uila photoelectric i nā mīkini ʻokoʻa loa e ʻike i ke ahi:
Ionizationsmokealarms
Ionizationuahi pumehana he hoʻolālā paʻakikī loa. Aia i loko o ia mau papa ʻelua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka uila a me kahi keʻena i hana ʻia me kahi mea radioactive e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ea e neʻe ana ma waena o nā papa.
ʻO nā kaapuni uila i loko o ka papa e ana ikaika i ke au o ka ionization i hana ʻia e kēia hoʻolālā.
I ka wā o ke ahi, komo nā ʻāpana puhi i loko o ke keʻena ionization a hui pinepine a hui pū me nā molekele ea ionized, e hoʻemi mau ana ka nui o nā molekole ea ionized.
Manaʻo nā ʻōpuni uila i loko o ka papa i kēia hoʻololi ʻana i loko o ke keʻena, a ke ʻoi aku ka paepae i koho mua ʻia, hoʻāla ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu.
ʻO nā puʻupuʻu uahi Photoelectric
ʻO nā puʻupuʻu uahi Photoelectric ua hoʻolālā ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka uahi mai ke ahi i ka ikaika o ka mālamalama i ka lewa:
Hoʻopuehu māmā: ʻO ka hapa nui o ka photoelectricnā mea ʻike uahi hana ma ke kumu o ka hoopuehu malamalama. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi kukui kukui LED a me kahi mea photosensitive. Kuhi ʻia ke kukui kukui i kahi ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia e ka mea photosensitive. Eia naʻe, ke komo ka uahi mai ke ahi i ke ala o ke kukui kukui, ua paʻi ka lāʻau i nā ʻāpana uahi a hoʻohuli ʻia i loko o ka mea photosensitive, e hoʻāla ai i ke ala.
Pākuʻi māmā: Hoʻolālā ʻia nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā ala uila photoelectric e pili ana i ka pale māmā. ʻO kēia mau mea hoʻāla pū kekahi me kahi kumu kukui a me kahi mea photosensitive. Eia naʻe, i kēia hihia, hoʻouna pololei ʻia ke kukui kukui i ka mea. Ke hoʻopaʻa hapa nā ʻāpana uahi i ke kukui kukui, hoʻololi ka hoʻopuka o ka hāmeʻa photosensitive ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka mālamalama. ʻIke ʻia kēia emi ʻana o ka mālamalama e ke kaʻapuni o ka alarma a hoʻomaka i ka alarm.
Hoʻohui pū: Eia kekahi, aia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻōhua hui. Huihui he nuiuahi pumehana hoʻokomo i ka ionization a me ka ʻenehana photoelectric me ka manaʻolana e hoʻonui i ko lākou pono.
Hoʻohui nā hui ʻē aʻe i nā mea ʻike hou aʻe, e like me ka infrared, carbon monoxide, a me nā mea ʻike wela, e kōkua i ka ʻike pono ʻana i nā ahi maoli a hōʻemi i nā ʻōhua hoʻopunipuni ma muli o nā mea e like me ka uahi toaster, ka mahu ua, a pēlā aku.
Nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka Ionization a meNā Alala Uhi Kiʻi Uhi
Ua mālama ʻia nā haʻawina he nui e nā Underwriters Laboratories (UL), ka National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻokoʻa hana nui ma waena o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua.nā mea ʻike uahi.
ʻO nā hopena o kēia mau haʻawina a me nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻike maʻamau i kēia mau mea:
ʻO nā puʻupuʻu uahi Photoelectric ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka pane ʻana i ke ahi e ʻā ana ma mua o nā mea hoʻāla ionization (15 a 50 mau minuke ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki). ʻOi aku ka lohi ʻana o ke ahi a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uahi a ʻo ia ka mea make loa i ke ahi hale.
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka pane ʻana o nā puʻupuʻu uahi ionization (30-90 kekona) i ke ahi ʻaʻa wikiwiki (ke ahi kahi e laha koke ai ke ahi) ma mua o nā ʻōkuhi photoelectric. ʻIke ka NFPA i ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻianā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma mua o nā mea hoʻāla ionization i nā kūlana ahi āpau, me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano a me nā mea.
ʻAʻole i hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka manawa hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka manawa hoʻokuʻu i ka Ionizationnā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila i ke ahi e ʻā ana.
ʻO nā mea hoʻonā ionization i hoʻokumu i ka 97% o nā "alila hoʻopilikia"—nā puʻupuʻu hoʻopunipuni—a ʻo ka hopena, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kīnā ʻana ma mua o nā ʻano mea hoʻāla uwahi ʻē aʻe. ʻIke ʻo NFPA i kēlānā puʻupuʻu uahi photoelectric Loaʻa i ka pōmaikaʻi nui ma mua o nā mea hoʻonā ionization i ka naʻau alarm hoʻopunipuni.
ʻO ka mea uahi pumehana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā make i ke ahi ʻaʻole mai ka lapalapa ʻana akā no ka inhalation uahi, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka nui o nā make pili i ke ahi—aneane elua hapakolu—hiki mai i ka wā e hiamoe ana nā kānaka.
ʻO ia ka hihia, maopopo ia he mea nui loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi uahi pumehana hiki iā ia ke ʻike koke i nā ahi e ʻā ana, e hoʻopuka ana i ka uahi. Ma kēia māhele,nā puʻupuʻu uahi photoelectric ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā puʻupuʻu ionization.
Eia kekahi, ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ionization a menā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila i nā ahi ʻaʻa wikiwiki i hōʻike ʻia he liʻiliʻi, a ua hoʻoholo ʻo NFPA i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻenā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻōhua ionization.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, no ka mea, hiki i nā ʻōuli hoʻopilikia ke hoʻopau i nā kānakanā mea ʻike uahi, hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea ʻole,nā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila hōʻike pū kekahi i kahi pōmaikaʻi ma kēia wahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i nā ala hoʻopunipuni hoʻopunipuni a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke pio.
maopopo,nā puʻupuʻu uahi photoelectric ʻo ia ka koho pololei loa, hilinaʻi, a no laila palekana loa, kahi hopena i kākoʻo ʻia e ka NFPA a me kahi ʻano hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā mea hana a me nā hui palekana ahi.
No nā puʻupuʻu hui pū, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka pōmaikaʻi nui. Ua hoʻoholo ka NFPA ʻaʻole i hōʻoia nā hopena hōʻike i ke koi e hoʻokomo i ka ʻenehana ʻelua a i ʻolephotoionization uahi alarms, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he mea pōʻino.
Eia naʻe, ua hoʻoholo ka National Fire Protection Associationnā puʻupuʻu kiʻi uila me nā mea ʻike ʻē aʻe, e like me CO a i ʻole nā mea ʻike wela, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike ahi a hōʻemi hou i nā ʻōhua hoʻopunipuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-02-2024
